What you’re going to need:
Mining skill (obviously). Go see your local mining trainer to get trained.
A mining pick. Can't mine without one (these can also be enchanted if you want, makes absolutely no difference, but it's cool to have. Even if you have your mining pick enchanted the standard mining animation remains the same, so you actually see that nice demonslaying glow you got put on there. You will only see the glow when you equip it like a normal weapon. A player on our server even had a Crusader enchant put on their mining pick and told me that the proc happens when they mine, cant confirm this for sure, but it does seem really pointless).
Optional, but recommended extra: get the cheapest pair of gloves you can find and get them enchanted with +5 mining skill (shouldn't cost you more than 2g, as it takes 3 x Truesilver Bars and 3 x Vision Dust). Don’t bother with the +2 enchant as its not worth it.
If you’re an engineer then make yourself a Goblin Mining Helmet ( http://www.thottbot.com/index.cgi?i=12859 ) as this will add +5 to your mining skill.
Also, please remember that mining nodes only appear on the side of hills, cliffs, mountains etc. So your unlikely to find any ores in the great rolling plains, unless there is a small hill there. Also note that Darnassus has NO ore whatsoever! So if you’re a Night Elf and want to mine, get your booty over to Darkshore ASAP. So with that in mind, always follow the cliff faces or hillsides.
Got all that? Good, then lets down and dirty, Dwarf style :o)
Mining 1 to 65
Mining Copper
Estimated number of nodes to mine = 30
This bit is easy. Mine about 50 copper and smelt. You can use any of the following suggestions for mining routes or make up your own, as copper is so abundant:
*At level 50, go back to the mining trainer and learn Journeyman Mining.
Horde
Alliance
Mining 66 – 125
Mining Tin, Silver, Incendicite and Lesser Bloodstone
Estimated number of nodes to mine = 60
This part is a pain in the butt, if you don’t have a mount (well its all a pain in the butt, if you don’t have a mount) as the Tin Veins your going to need to mine are more spread out and not as common as the Copper you just being mining. You also stop getting skill up’s from smelting after about level 85 (Silver is the last thing to give you a skill up). The leg from 100-125 is also pretty bad, as Tin is green at this stage and therefore your getting skill ups at fewer intervals (just pray its a Silver spawn, instead of Tin, as this will still be yellow to you).
Horde & Alliance *even on PvP servers you can still use these routes and areas.
Easiest way to level up to 125, is to go to The Wetlands and find Thelgan Rock (its near the entrance to Dun Algaz - 53,64 for those with location add-ons). There is a cave there, that is full of spiders and a quest ore called Incendicite. This is an Alliance only quest, but Horde can still mine the ore. Now the ore itself is worthless and only used to complete the quest, but you can mine it from level 75 until about level 125. The nodes respawn quickly and you can level up your mining in less than an hour if your the only one in the cave.
If your Alliance and want to do the quest, go see Pilot Longbeard in The Military Ward in Ironforge for the starting quest. He'll send you to speak to Pilot Stonegear in Kharanos, who then gives you the quest.
Thank you to everyone who suggested this, especially Plog
Lesser Bloodstone: go to the cave in north east Arathi Highlands, just to the east of Hammerfall (path to cave is at 80,40) and mine the nodes inside. It's used as part of a quest chain that’s started in Booty Bay by Corporal Kaleb (in the tavern). You only need to keep four of them for the quest. Lesser Bloodstone requires level 75 mining